Transmission Basics & History: What It Is, How It Works & Who Invented It
Foundational knowledge and the history of the automatic transmission.
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About the Basics & History Hub
What a transmission is and does, how an automatic transmission works, and the history of its invention.
Key areas include: what is, how it works, history. Select any topic above to browse dedicated, in-depth articles - from cost guides and symptom diagnosis to step-by-step repair and rebuild walkthroughs.
Representative searches: what is a transmission, how automatic transmission works, who invented it
FAQ
Basics & History - Common Questions
What does a transmission do?
A transmission transfers engine power to the driveshaft or wheels and matches engine speed to vehicle speed through a set of gear ratios. Lower gears multiply torque for acceleration, higher gears reduce RPM for efficient cruising.
How does an automatic transmission work?
An automatic transmission uses a torque converter, planetary gearsets, and hydraulic clutches to shift gears automatically. The valve body routes fluid to engage the right gearset based on vehicle speed, load, and throttle position.
Who invented the automatic transmission?
The automatic transmission evolved through several inventors. Sturtevant built an early geared design in 1904, and GM introduced the first mass-produced automatic, the Hydra-Matic, in 1940 Oldsmobile models.